// 1 filename:cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp
// ver 0.1 June.12, 2014
//
// 2 original examples and/or notes:
// (c) ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21 N3242, April 12, 2011
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2011/n3242.pdf
// >14 Templates 14.8 Function template specializations 14.8.1 Explicit template argument specification
//
// 3 compile and output mechanism:
// (c) Dr. OGAWA Kiyoshi, kaizen at gifu-u.ac.jp,
//
// 4 compile errors and/or warnings:
// 4.1(c) Apple LLVM version 5.1 (clang-503.0.40) (based on LLVM 3.4svn)
// Target: x86_64-apple-darwin13.2.0,  Thread model: posix
// Command/Options: c++ -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++ -Wall cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp 
// (c) LLVM 2003-2009 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

// 4.2. g++-4.9 (GCC) 4.9.0 20131229 (experimental)
// Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
// This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
// http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Standards.html
// Command/Options: g++-4.9  -std=c++11  -Wall cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp 
// g++-4.9: error: unrecognized command line option '-stdlib=libc++'
// Configuration:brew install gcc49
//
// 4.3. Visual Studio Express 2013, 
// (c) Microsoft http://www.visualstudio.com/
// SPEC:
// Windows 7, .NET Framework
// (c) VMware, Inc.
// VMWare fusion 6
//
// 5. Hardware:  MacBook Pro, 
//(c) Intel http://ark.intel.com/products/37006/
//Core 2 Duo 2.53GHz, 8GB, 1067MHz DDR3
//
// 6. Special Thanks: Upper organizatios and 
// ITSCJ/IPSJ http://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/itscj_english/index.html
// Renesas Electronics Corporation.http://www.renesas.com/
// NPO SESSAME project, http://www.sessame.jp/workinggroup/WorkingGroup3/
// Toyo Corporation, http://www.toyo.co.jp/English/
// Japan Standard Association, http://bit.ly/1lzykg1
// NPO TOPPERS project, https://www.toppers.jp/asp-d-download.html
// Daido Universcity, http://www.daido-it.ac.jp/gakubugakka/computer/index.html
// WITZ Co.Ltd., http://www.witz-inc.co.jp/products/solution/solution.html
// SevenWise.co., http://www.7ws.co.jp/index.html
// TOYOTA Motor Corporation, http://toyota.jp/
// IT planning Inc., http://www.itpl.co.jp/en/index.html
// DENSO Corporation, http://www.globaldenso.com/en/
// Aisin Seiki co. Ltd., http://www.aisin.com/
// Spancion Inc., http://www.spansion.com/
// Yazaki Corporation, http://www.yazaki-group.com/global/
// Pananosic Corporation, http://www.panasonic.net/
// SWEST: Summer Workshop on Embedded System Technologies , http://swest.toppers.jp
// CEST: Consortium for Embedded System Technology, http://www.ertl.jp/CEST/
// JUSE: Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers, http://www.juse.or.jp/e/
// OSC:Open Source Conference, http://www.ospn.jp/

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
//#include <string.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <type_traits>
//#include <cassert>
#include <array>
#include <complex>
#include <ccomplex>

using namespace std;

typedef complex<double> dcomplex;//http://d.hatena.ne.jp/white_wheels/20100321/p1
typedef complex<int> icomplex;

template<class T> void sort(Array<T>& v);
void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
sort<dcomplex>(cv); // sort(Array<dcomplex>&)
sort<int>(ci); // sort(Array<int>&)
}
//
template<class U, class V> U convert(V v);
void g(double d) {
int i = convert<int,double>(d); // int convert(double)
char c = convert<char,double>(d); // char convert(double)
}
//
template<class X, class Y> X f(Y);
template<class X, class Y, class ... Z> X g(Y);
void h() {
int i = f<int>(5.6); // Y is deduced to be double
	//error: int j = f(5.6); // ill-formed: X cannot be deduced
f<void>(f<int, bool>); // Y for outer f deduced to be
// int (*)(bool)
//error: f<void>(f<int>); // ill-formed: f<int> does not denote a
// single function template specialization
int k = g<int>(5.6); // Y is deduced to be double, Z is deduced to an empty sequence
f<void>(g<int, bool>); // Y for outer f is deduced to be
// int (*)(bool), Z is deduced to an empty sequence
}
//
template <class T> int f(T); // #1
int f(int); // #2
int k = f(1); // uses #2
int l = f<>(1); // uses #1
//
template<class X, class Y, class Z> X f(Y,Z);
template<class ... Args> void f2();
void g1() {
f<int,const char*,double>("aa",3.0);
f<int,const char*>("aa",3.0); // Z is deduced to be double
f<int>("aa",3.0); // Y is deduced to be const char*, and
// Z is deduced to be double
//error: f("aa",3.0); // error: X cannot be deduced
f2<char, short, int, long>(); // OK
}
//
template<class T> void f(T);
class Complex {
Complex(double);
};
void g2() {
f<Complex>(1); // OK, means f<Complex>(Complex(1))
}
//
namespace A {
struct B { };
template<int X> void f(B);
}
namespace C {
template<class T> void f(T t);
}
void g(A::B b) {
f<3>(b); // ill-formed: not a function call
A::f<3>(b); // well-formed
	//error: C::f<3>(b); // ill-formed; argument dependent lookup
// applies only to unqualified names
using C::f;
f<3>(b); // well-formed because C::f is visible; then
// A::f is found by argument dependent lookup
}
//
template<class ... Types> void f(Types ... values);
void g() {
f<int*, float*>(0, 0, 0); // Types is deduced to the sequence int*, float*, int
}

int main() {
	cout << "14 Templates 14.8 Function template specializations 14.8.1 Explicit template argument specification"<<std::endl;	
return 0;
}
// 1. error
// 1.1 llvm: c++ -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++ -Wall cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:74:29: error: no template named 'Array'; did you mean 'array'?
template<class T> void sort(Array<T>& v);
                            ^~~~~
                            array
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/array:121:30: note: 
      'array' declared here
struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY array
                             ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:74:29: error: too few template arguments for class template 'array'
template<class T> void sort(Array<T>& v);
                            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/array:121:30: note: 
      template is declared here
struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY array
                             ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:8: error: no template named 'Array'; did you mean 'array'?
void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
       ^~~~~
       array
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/array:121:30: note: 
      'array' declared here
struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY array
                             ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:8: error: too few template arguments for class template 'array'
void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
       ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/array:121:30: note: 
      template is declared here
struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY array
                             ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:29: error: no template named 'Array'; did you mean 'array'?
void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
                            ^~~~~
                            array
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/array:121:30: note: 
      'array' declared here
struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY array
                             ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:29: error: too few template arguments for class template 'array'
void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
                            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/array:121:30: note: 
      template is declared here
struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY array
                             ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:83:6: warning: unused variable 'c' [-Wunused-variable]
char c = convert<char,double>(d); // char convert(double)
     ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:82:5: warning: unused variable 'i' [-Wunused-variable]
int i = convert<int,double>(d); // int convert(double)
    ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:95:5: warning: unused variable 'k' [-Wunused-variable]
int k = g<int>(5.6); // Y is deduced to be double, Z is deduced to an empty sequence
    ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:89:5: warning: unused variable 'i' [-Wunused-variable]
int i = f<int>(5.6); // Y is deduced to be double
    ^
>4 warnings and 6 errors generated.
					// 1.2 gcc: g++-4.9 -std=c++11  -Wall cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:74:29: error: variable or field 'sort' declared void
 template<class T> void sort(Array<T>& v);
                             ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:74:29: error: 'Array' was not declared in this scope
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:74:36: error: expected primary-expression before '>' token
 template<class T> void sort(Array<T>& v);
                                    ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:74:39: error: 'v' was not declared in this scope
 template<class T> void sort(Array<T>& v);
                                       ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:8: error: variable or field 'f' declared void
 void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
        ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:8: error: 'Array' was not declared in this scope
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:22: error: expected primary-expression before '>' token
 void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
                      ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:25: error: 'cv' was not declared in this scope
 void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
                         ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:29: error: 'Array' was not declared in this scope
 void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
                             ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:75:35: error: expected primary-expression before 'int'
 void f(Array<dcomplex>& cv, Array<int>& ci) {
                                   ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp: In function 'void g(double)':
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:82:5: warning: unused variable 'i' [-Wunused-variable]
 int i = convert<int,double>(d); // int convert(double)
     ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:83:6: warning: unused variable 'c' [-Wunused-variable]
 char c = convert<char,double>(d); // char convert(double)
      ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp: In function 'void h()':
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:89:5: warning: unused variable 'i' [-Wunused-variable]
 int i = f<int>(5.6); // Y is deduced to be double
     ^
cpp2011-14-8-1.cpp:95:5: warning: unused variable 'k' [-Wunused-variable]
 int k = g<int>(5.6); // Y is deduced to be double, Z is deduced to an empty sequence
     ^