npm command-line interface

# npm-ls

List installed packages

## Table of contents

- Synopsis
- Description
- Note: Design Changes Pending
- Configuration

- all
- json
- long
- parseable
- global
- depth
- prod / production
- dev / development
- only
- link
- unicode

- See Also

### Synopsis

    npm ls [[<@scope>/]<pkg> ...]

    aliases: list, la, ll

### Description

This command will print to stdout all the versions of packages that are installed, as well as their dependencies when `--all` is specified, in a tree structure.

Note: to get a “bottoms up” view of why a given package is included in the tree at all, use `npm explain`.

Positional arguments are `name@version-range` identifiers, which will limit the results to only the paths to the packages named. Note that nested packages will also show the paths to the specified packages. For example, running `npm ls promzard` in npm’s source tree will show:

    npm@7.7.6 /path/to/npm
    └─┬ init-package-json@0.0.4
      └── promzard@0.1.5

It will print out extraneous, missing, and invalid packages.

If a project specifies git urls for dependencies these are shown in parentheses after the name@version to make it easier for users to recognize potential forks of a project.

The tree shown is the logical dependency tree, based on package dependencies, not the physical layout of your `node_modules` folder.

When run as `ll` or `la`, it shows extended information by default.

### Note: Design Changes Pending

The `npm ls` command’s output and behavior made a ton of sense when npm created a `node_modules` folder that naively nested every dependency. In such a case, the logical dependency graph and physical tree of packages on disk would be roughly identical.

With the advent of automatic install-time deduplication of dependencies in npm v3, the `ls` output was modified to display the logical dependency graph as a tree structure, since this was more useful to most users. However, without using `npm ls -l`, it became impossible show where a package was actually installed much of the time!

With the advent of automatic installation of `peerDependencies` in npm v7, this gets even more curious, as `peerDependencies` are logically “underneath” their dependents in the dependency graph, but are always physically at or above their location on disk.

Also, in the years since npm got an `ls` command (in version 0.0.2!), dependency graphs have gotten much larger as a general rule. Therefore, in order to avoid dumping an excessive amount of content to the terminal, `npm ls` now only shows the top level dependencies, unless `--all` is provided.

A thorough re-examination of the use cases, intention, behavior, and output of this command, is currently underway. Expect significant changes to at least the default human-readable `npm ls` output in npm v8.

### Configuration

#### all

- Default: `false`
- Type: Boolean

When running `npm outdated` and `npm ls`, setting `--all` will show all outdated or installed packages, rather than only those directly depended upon by the current project.

#### json

- Default: false
- Type: Boolean

Show information in JSON format.

#### long

- Default: false
- Type: Boolean

Show extended information.

#### parseable

- Default: false
- Type: Boolean

Show parseable output instead of tree view.

#### global

- Default: false
- Type: Boolean

List packages in the global install prefix instead of in the current project.

#### depth

- Type: Int

Max display depth of the dependency tree.

#### prod / production

- Type: Boolean
- Default: false

Display only the dependency tree for packages in `dependencies`.

#### dev / development

- Type: Boolean
- Default: false

Display only the dependency tree for packages in `devDependencies`.

#### only

- Type: String

When “dev” or “development”, is an alias to `dev`.

When “prod” or “production”, is an alias to `production`.

#### link

- Type: Boolean
- Default: false

Display only dependencies which are linked

#### unicode

- Type: Boolean
- Default: true

Whether to represent the tree structure using unicode characters. Set it to false in order to use all-ansi output.

### See Also

- npm explain
- npm config
- npmrc
- npm folders
- npm explain
- npm install
- npm link
- npm prune
- npm outdated
- npm update